Java Vs. C++ Essays - Cross-platform Software, Java Platform

Java vs. C++ subject = Freshman title = Java vs. C++ Since their inception, computers have played an increasingly important role in today's society. Advancements in technology have enabled computers to become faster and cheaper. Today, the majority of families own a home computer that is vastly more powerful than giant mainframes of years gone by. Computer hardware has been evolving rapidly with no end in sight, and with all of the advancements in computer hardware come advancements in computer software; gone are the days when FORTRAN and COBOL were the languages of choice. Today,vvv two hot new object oriented programming languages have entered the computer programming arena, Java and C++, this paper will examine the similarities and differences between these new languages. Both Java and C++ are object oriented programming languages, but what does that mean? Object oriented programming (OOP) emphasizes data, instead of algorithms for solving problems. Instead of trying to fit a problem to the procedural approach of a language, OOP attempts to fit the language to the problem, in other words, OOP is structured to produce an answer without changing the question. Object oriented programming involves two separate parts, class and objects. Class is a specification that describes a new data form, it is a template that defines how an object will look and behave.(Kaj 1996, 8) An object is that particular data structure constructed using the parameters defined by class.(Prata 1995, 5) The object oriented programming approach to program design is to first design classes that accurately represent those things with which the program deals. A drawing program, for example, might define classes to represent rectangles, lines, circles, brushes, pens, and the like. The class definitions, recall, include a descriptions of permissible options for each class, such as moving a circle or rotating a line.(Prata 1995, 5) The main advantages of OOP, besides being able to create more complex software, and develop answers without changing the questions, are numerous. OOP facilitates creating reusable code, which can save a lot of work. Information can be hidden to safeguard data from improper access. Polymorphism lets the programmer create multiple definitions for operators and functions, with the programming context determining which definition is used, also Inheritance lets the programmer derive new classes from older ones. When using OOP, the programmer can focus on representing concepts, instead of concentrating on tasks. (Prata 1995, 6) Java, although in many respects similar to C++, is actually just a more simplified version of the latter. Java has a C++ like syntax, but it is more purely object oriented, also, memory management, which can be a problem with C++, is no longer a factor with Java, due to the fact that Java incorporates a built in garbage collector, which makes it unnecessary to explicitly free allocated memory.(Kaj 1996, 1) Another difference is that Java, unlike C++, does not contain pointers.(http://www.ftc.nrcs.usda.gov/devtools/java/java/noMoreC/index.html) (A pointer is a variable that tells a computer where data is placed.)(Prata 1995, 93) Java does not have an explicit pointer type, instead, it does passes all arrays (information entered into the program and stored in memory) and objects by reference,(http://www.ftc.nrcs.usda.gov/devtools/java/java/noMoreC/index.html) meaning that the objects or arrays in question have been defined elsewhere in the program, and the programmer does not have to k eep pointing out wh ere that information is stored. Since Java does not contain pointers, struct and union (two C++ favorites) are not part of the language because they rely on pointers to function.(http://www.ftc.nrcs.usda.gov/devtools/java/java/noMoreC/index.html) Java differs from C++ in other ways too, command line arguments that are passed to a Java application are different in number and type than those passed to a C or C++ program. For example, when someone starts a C++ program, the system passes two parameters to it: argc- the number of arguments in the command line, and argv- a pointer to an array of strings that contain the arguments. When a Java application is started, the system passes only one parameter, args- an array of Strings (not a pointer to an array) that contain arguments.http://www.ftc.nrcs.usda.gov/devtools/java/java/noMoreC/index.html Speaking of strings, (A string is a series of characters, much like a sentence.)(Prata 1995, 8), they are different in Java. In C++, strings are stored in arrays, in Java strings are treated as their own objects, and do

Homosexuality in Ancient Greek History essays

Homosexuality in Ancient Greek History essays In Ancient Greek history, homosexuality was considered a culture and way of life; it was displayed in its visual art, books and in its customs; in today's modern society, it is viewed with disappointment and negativity. This paper will discuss homosexuality and its acceptance in Greek society. Homosexuality is believed to have begun in the Greek period. The practice of " homosexuality" in Greek culture was not practiced or used like it is today. The Greeks had no concept of the word as we use it presently. In modern society they would be referred to as " bisexuals". This is because sexual activity for men with partners of both sexes was accepted. In the Greek culture procreation and sexuality were not thought of as the same thing. They believed sex was necessary and marriage was used for only procreation. There are little cases in which you would see a man and his wife together for love. An example of a normal arrangement between husband and wife during these times would be: a noble man marrying a female for procreation and having a male lover on the side. Many men practiced this form of "homosexuality" because they believed women were not their equals. They had many forms of sexual pleasure outside of marriage, these forms include, young boys, slaves, and prostitutes. Since romantic love had not really developed yet, a man could still be promiscuous and be considered honorable. Although sexual pleasure and marriage were not necessarily linked, sexuality and domination among men, were considered a custom. In Greek culture sex was always something someone did to somebody via of the penis. The penis was considered to be the thing that did the doing. The Greeks used special terms to describe sexual activity such as, paedico meaning " to penetrate anally". They did not believe in penetrating by force or unwillingly. As it was stated earlier, men had homosexual acts because of the bal...

Company Analysis and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Company Analysis and Management - Essay Example Apple is best known for its smart phones which are said to be among the most intelligent in the world today. However, Apple deals with many other products which are equally valuable, (Apple 2012). These products include personal computers and software, (Cameron & Quinn, 2011). Apple is best known for the Mac line of computers that use the Macintosh operating system. The company also designs and sells iPads, iPod and iPhone. Its software products include iOS and OSX, (Hamilton & Webster, 2012). Other creativity suits are iWork and iLife, (Apple 2012). Apple is the most admired mobile phone company in the United States. It was formed in 1st April, 1976, (Cameron & Quinn, 2011). Its name was apple computers, Inc. but was later changed to Apple in 2007(Apple 2012). Apple is the most valuable company on the planet, (Hamilton & Webster, 2012). The success of the Apple Inc. depends on the political environment, just like any other organization. Apple Inc. is subject to legislation and laws of the country it operates in, (Hamilton & Webster, 2012). The economic policies of the country do affect Apple’s ability to conduct business and satisfy her shareholders. Unfavorable political environments and extreme laws can affect the performance of this American multinational company, (Cameron & Quinn, 2011). ... This should be done in a way that protects the company’s interests and the share holders, (Cameron & Quinn, 2011). To be able to achieve this, Apple has got a vibrant government and expenditure group that engages the government directly with the approval of the vice president of the company. This happens annually, (Apple 2012). The organization complies with all the applicable laws and regulations that impact on the productivity of the company, (Thompson & Martin, 2005). Under some of these laws, this American multinational cannot sponsor people political offices. Indeed, Apple is non partisan, (Apple 2012). Besides, the company exposes all its contributions to the political process for scrutiny, (Apple 2012). Apple- government engagement group engages the state officials on all issues that can affect the running of the company, (Hamilton & Webster, 2012). Apple is also committed to the cleanliness of the environment, (Ireland & Hoskisson, 2008). This involves reducing some of toxins in the air. Apple’s executive team is active in the implementation of environmental policies. Apple reports the impact of its products to the environment. Apple’s environmental team is advised by experts and is build upon wide consultations, (Apple 2012). For instance, in the year 2009, Apple became the first company in the field of electronics to report its environmental impact through its product, (Cameron & Quinn, 2011). This includes providing the necessary information and details that help empower the customers, (Ireland & Hoskisson, 2008). Apple has a climatic change strategy which is entrenched in its development and production processes. Apple has an entire ecosystem of new and emerging technologies. Apple is known for its technological innovations and cutting

Communication Development in the Early Age and Negative Impacts on Essay

Communication Development in the Early Age and Negative Impacts on Personal Relationships - Essay Example Today in my studies, I read about 12-year-old James whose condition provided a case study for the author. James had a congenital motor disorder in the form of mild cerebral palsy. I learned from this case study that children with cerebral palsy not only had their movements uncoordinated but also suffered from learning and communication development disabilities. Due to their limited control of facial expression, gesture and speech, James words are slurred and often unrecognizable. Communicating with a person with the motor disorder is quite complicated as the typical response to questions is a confused gaze. If a trained person like me finds it difficult to manage the situation, then what about untrained people? The research of Michellin & O’Brien (2005), Levine & Nourse (1998) and Seo et.al. (2008) have shown that people who have motor disorders, in general, are less likely to find good opportunities in personal relationships and employment. They also require special types of education which are costly to bear. Children with cerebral palsy or other motor disorders interact with their communication partners differently from children who are undergoing typical development. Communication with a familiar partner occurs only to meet a particular purpose rather than for general conversation or chatting. It has also been observed that communication partners such as parents and siblings often take control of the conversation in an effort to prevent communications breakdown resulting from the difficulties in understanding the child’s signals.

611 Assignment 4 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

611 4 - Assignment Example : the preparation of a Project plan that involves the use of tools such as GHANTT charts and all key steps to be implemented in the initialization stage of the project are reviewed to ensure that they are executed as planned. Secondly, necessary documentation is drafted: this includes schedule, plans and system documentation which will be important to the users. Third deliverable is to draft a Kick-off presentation which helps communicate with the members of the board and explains the importance of the project and its need to be implemented. The last deliverable in this stage of initialization is the use of monthly reports that are going to strategically help in reviewing results. In analysis of the project, deliverables include drafting the technological requirements and recommendations report that is used to provide technical options for implementation. Infrastructure preparation and specifications, deliverables include reports that contain information such as infrastructure, softw are, hardware, security and technical standards and procedures. Resources used include the Generic WBS that defines the sequence of the project in an outline format. A scheduling system would be used in this stage so as to ensure that tasks to be handled are handled in an effective manner. Phase four: this involves installation. Deliverables include: production test plans and schedule for the project, migration installation plan and actual installation plan, tests and validation. Another deliverable would be the delivery of training documents, the training plan and user training sessions. Project status reports are very handy at this phase as they help report on the core issues. The main purpose of project management tools is to help project managers plan better, execute plans effectively and control the project management process. This is executed by the use of project plans. Project management tools help reduce time wastage in project implementation and aid in easy

Presentation Techniques for News Program

Presentation Techniques for News Program This lesson we shall deal with the presentation techniques for an effective news program. And also deal with the principles required to learn in order to become a good presenter or anchor. ____________________________________________________________________________ Objectives After going through this lesson, you should be able to: Describe the skills for TV news anchor. Describe the principles and concept of anchoring Live show. ____________________________________________________________________________ Introduction An anchor is a person who hosts a show or a program. We can also say that anchor is the compare of a program. An anchor plays a very important role in broadcasting a program. Anchors can attract the viewers and keep them tuned to the program that he or she is anchoring. Anchors can attract viewers by their charming personality and speaking skills. The anchor should sound very confident while speaking to their audience. At the networks the TV news anchors present the news. You know the people the ones sitting there behind a desk (or in the field) telling you what’s happening in the world that day. Whether broadcasting from a small local station or manning one of the network’s primetime broadcasts TV news anchors compile news stories and deliver them. ____________________________________________________________________________ News Anchoring A news anchor is a television personality who presents material prepared for a news program and at times must improvise commentary for live presentation. The term is primarily used in the United States and Canada. Many news anchors are also involved in writing and/or editing the news for their programs. Sometimes news anchors interview guests and moderate panels or discussions. And some provide commentary for the audience during parades and other events. Anchoring is the art of finding and delivering the best possible expression to any given content. It includes factors such as use of language, shot composition, choice and selection of relevant details, and an interesting and engaging way of presenting one’s subject matter. In other words, it is the skill of capturing and holding the interest of the audience. Skills for TV News Anchor Being a news anchor requires a number of skills, the first of which is a comfort in front of the camera. There’s an element of show business in the job of a news anchor not only do you need to be comfortable in front of the camera but you need to make people want to watch you. Few more skills are given below: Knowledge base: An understanding of issues, names, geography, history and the ability to put all of these in perspective for viewers. Ability to process new information: Sorting, organizing, prioritizing and retaining massive amounts of incoming data. Ethical compass: Sensitivity to ethical land mines that often litter the field of live breaking news — unconfirmed information, graphic video, words that potentially panic, endanger public safety or security. Command of the language: Dead-on grammar, syntax, pronunciation, tone and storytelling — no matter how stressed or tired the anchor or reporter may be. Interviewing finesse: An instinct for what people need and want to know, for what elements are missing from the story, and the ability to draw information by skillful, informed questioning and by listening. Mastery of multitasking: Take in a producer’s instructions via an earpiece while scanning new information from computer and other sources. Appreciation of all roles: An understanding of the tasks and technology that go into the execution of a broadcast, the ability to roll with changes and glitches, and anticipate all other professionals involved. Acute sense of timing: The ability to condense or expand one’s speech on demand, to sense when a story needs refreshing or recapping. Writing Your Script Most importantly: write your script to be spoken, not read. Keep in mind that your audience will hear your words rather than see them, so it’s important to write in a way that when spoken it sounds natural. Smile: Smiling is perhaps the simplest way to connect with your audience. The warmth of a smile is a must at the very least at the beginning and very end of your performance Maintain Eye Contact: The magic of the teleprompter is that it enables you to look directly into the camera lens, creating the illusion of eye contact with your audience. Take full advantage of this by not looking away. Your continuous gaze really does engage your audience. Eye movements away from the camera can make you look a little bit ‘shifty’. Roles of News Anchor An anchor performs a wide variety of roles in a news organization. Apart from the skills that he or she is expected to have and inculcate, an anchor constantly learns on the job. The News Gathering Part of the Job How much reporting is involved in an anchor’s job is dependent on where the anchor works and what type of broadcast they work on. Some anchors, especially at local news stations, will report their own stories (perhaps with help from a producer or other staffer), and write the scripts they then transmit on the air. In that sense, an anchor works very much like a reporter with the main difference being that they need to craft the story in a way that works for television. Handling Breaking Newswithout a Teleprompter Handling breaking news is an essential part of 247 news. When you are rushing to the studio to anchor breaking news, grab all the available information you can. Dont be afraid to ask for help. You will probably be busy throwing on your make up and tying your tie. Have someone print you out the latest wire copy or jot down the latest facts. Do not wait for someone else to write a script for you. That will just delay your appearance on the air. Being first is paramount with breaking news. Good anchors get on the air first and look like they prepared all day. Besides, reading another writers script cold on the air wont be convincing. Digest the facts yourself and convey them like a pro. Reading a Teleprompter Reading a Teleprompter effectively is a lot more difficult than many people think. First of all, most people dont read aloud as well as they think they do. Add to that the difficulties of the sentences being cut up to two or three words per line and those lines moving at a distance while you have lights in your face. Meanwhile there are thousands, maybe millions, of people watching you closely. Deal with all this while appearing to not to be reading at all. Use the teleprompter as a guide. Do not try to read every word exactly as it is written on the teleprompter. Every anchor makes mistakes. Sometimes words are misspelled. Occasionally a long word will be cut in half because it is too long for a line. Whatever the problem, if you get lost in your script you will fall apart on camera. Television Anchor Makeup Women are better equipped to deal with anchor makeup for the simple reason that they are used to applying makeup. Women will only need to make a few adjustments to their makeup routine while men must start from scratch. Any men who have a problem wearing makeup while anchoring need to get over it fast. Television cameras and bright lights will change your appearance drastically. They will wash you out, flatten your features, and bring out all the imperfections in your skin. The most manly men you see on television are wearing makeup. You should too. Anchor Wardrobe Anchor wardrobe should always start with solid colors. The goal is to minimize too many conflicting visual images in your clothing when you anchor a television newscast. Begin with a solid suit or dress shirt. Women can wear solid suits, sweaters or blouses. Pay attention to the collar. Collars are very important on TV. When you appear in a head and shoulders shot, your collar frames your face. If your collar spreads apart wide, it will make your face appear wider. If your collar is long, pointed and close together it will make your face appear slimmer. Since TV makes most people look heavier than they are, most people should wear longer point collars. The same thing applies to lapels. Wide lapels widen. Thin lapels make you appear slimmer. Punch up your outfit with a splash of color. A bright tie or scarf will brighten your face without distracting. Go ahead and be bold with red, orange or purple. Even if it seems over the top in person, it wont appear so bright on the TV news. Breaking News Live Shows No skill is more vital to the worth of a television news reporter than their ability to do a breaking news live shot. They must be able to roll up to a scene, gather as much information as they can in a matter of minutes, then deliver a live report as if he had all day to prepare. They key to a great breaking news live shot is preparation in the face of limited time and resources. Don’t try to do it all on your own. Utilize all newsroom resources to gather information. The assignment editor who sent you to the breaking news live shot should have some details. This may only be what and where the breaking news happened. Press the assignment desk to get you more information as you head to and prepare for your live shot. Ask them to pull background information and file video. Biographies and historical accounts are useful. The details can help you fill time when you dont have anything new to say. Points keep in mind during anchoring live show When you arrive on the scene, finding witnesses is your first priority. They are sound bite gold. After that, seek police and other officials. They are less desirable interviews but will do if you have nothing else. If no one seems to know what is going on, look for neighbours who can put things into context. They can tell you that the incident happens all the time or is unusual for the neighbourhood. If you have time, use one of these people as an interview in your breaking news live shot. If you have a producer or intern with you, send them out to canvas the area. While you are preparing to be on the air they can gather more information and find potential interview subjects. Write down your bullet points. You dont have time to write a script so just outline the points you want to make in your live shot. Keep everything simple, straightforward and logical. Start with the latest breaking news. It may sound obvious but many reporters fail to start with what is new. Only then should you give background and establish context. The chronologic approach is not always the best way to tell the story. Tell viewers what you dont know. Reporters often do breaking news live shots without knowing any facts. In local TV news it is more important to get on the air first than to have all the details. If you are missing important facts that are essential to the story, explain that you dont know but are working to find out. It is a great way to tease that you are advancing the story for a future newscast. Viewers appreciate this. If you are missing an obvious fact but don’t mention it they will wonder why. Once you are done telling your story stops. Dont talk too much. Reporters often lose track of what they are saying in breaking news live shots and start to yammer. Often a reporter will do a great breaking news live shot only to ruin it by dragging it on too long.

Essay --

1.1 Background history Composite material is a multiphase materials which can be obtained through the artificial combination of two or more different materials to attain the properties that the individual components by themselves cannot attain. Composite materials can modify for many properties by appropriately choosing their components, proportions, distributions, morphologies and degrees of crystallinity, crystallographic textures, structure and the composition of the interface between components. Due to this properties the composite materials can be designed to satisfy the needs of technologies relating to the aerospace, automobile, electronics, construction, energy, biomedical and other industries. Therefore, composite materials has been used most as a commercial engineering materials [1]. There are some type of composites that can be classified according to the matrix material such as a polymer matrix composite (PMC), a metal matrix composite (MMC), and a ceramic matrix composite (CMC). Besides that, the composite also can be categorized according to the shape of the filler or the reinforcement for example a composite that has a particles as a filler is called a particulate composite and a composite with fibers is called fibrous composite [1]. Metal matrix composite (MMC) is a composite that contains continuous metallic matrix and a few percent of the material by volume represent the reinforcement [2]. The MMC offers some unique mechanical properties such as low density, high strength, and high stiffness, high wear resistance and other attractive properties. It also can offers the properties that are exceptional compared with those of any unreinforced alloys [2]. The metal matrix composites also can be classified in diffe... ...Al2O3 particles uniformly in aluminum matrix and for its ability to fabricate the material into almost any shape [3]. 1.3 Objectives 1.3.1 To fabricate alumina particle reinforced aluminum metal matrix composite by using powder metallurgy technique. 1.3.2 To investigate the effect of different weight percentage of alumina particle on physical and mechanical properties of aluminum metal matrix composite. 1.4 Scope of study The aim of this project is to investigate the effect of different reinforcement weight percentage (0wt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, 20wt% and 30wt%) of alumina particle on aluminum metal matrix composite. The composite will fabricate by using powder metallurgy technique which include mixing, compaction and sintering process. The testing involves in this project is microstructural analysis, density, porosity, hardness and coefficient thermal expansion (CTE).

Frankenstein’s savage patterns Essay

It is a common misconception of many thousands of children that have been lead to think it is not Victor Frankenstein but it is his creature that is called Frankenstein. This to me is quite ironic as it is my belief that the monster itself was Victor Frankenstein and not his creation. If the two of their names can be mistaken in society then I believe that this also implies that they have rather similar characteristics as well. Frankenstein creates in himself an idol to challenge that of God, he, in effect, kills three if not four people during his time playing this part, although indirectly. In Frankenstein, Dr. Victor Frankenstein is an inspiring scientist that studies the dead. He wants to be the first person to give life to a dead human being. He spends all of his time concentrating on this goal, and gives up his family and friends. Frankenstein is the single most important novel written during the period of Gothicism. It exceeds the normal expectation of a typical Gothic novel by relating to science, politics, family, alienation, psychology, relationships, education and more. Even so, Frankenstein is classed as a classic Gothic novel because if you think about it nothing would say gothic horror like an eight-foot high monster with sewn together body parts made from other deceased humans. I think Frankenstein was written as a Gothic novel because it was written at the time of the Gothic Literary movement and Mary Shelley would have been influenced by the style of the time. A reason as to why it may not fit neatly into the genre of Gothic horror is because Shelley would have been reflecting upon the development of science that was happening at that time. She created a twist of terror into the concept of the fast development of science while she was writing her novel. In the novel there is a constant theme of alienation and is expressed through several characters throughout the book. Victor, alienates himself to begin with, yet eventually is alienated from everyone he loves thanks to the monster. The monster has a reason for alienating Victor, however: the monster was created, brought into society, and alienated by Victor, his own creator. Elizabeth too feels alienated from Victor who is too busy pursuing his experiment in Ingolstadt to pay much attention to her. Alienation is a theme that returns time and time again to haunt the characters of this book. During the time when ‘Frankenstein’ was written, the women were considered much less important than the men. This is also displayed in the book where when Justine was to be hanged. Elizabeth tried to save Justine Moritz although failed to save her and she was then hanged. Victor Frankenstein, however, knew that he could save Justine if he wanted to, but didn’t want to for fear of being prosecuted himself, as he would have to reveal that he let a monster, his own creation, into the world. This also shows that men are supposedly higher than women because a woman at this time would give up her life to save a man, yet a man would not give up his life to save a woman, shown here, making the men seem of a higher class than the women. The narrative structure of ‘Frankenstein’ is first person, this means that Victor Frankenstein relates his own story; this has both advantages and disadvantages. The first disadvantage is that he does not know what is happening elsewhere, the main example of this being that he does not know what his creature is doing after Frankenstein abandons it. Although it is a disadvantage when reading the novel, this creates suspense in the readers mind, as they do not know what the creature is doing either. When Frankenstein begins his so called work of genius he fails to realise what he is actually doing. He is so amazed by the work of his hands and the sheer brilliance of it all that he forgets to look at the bigger picture, that of total horror, and to barely touch the surface, stupidity. The way Frankenstein went about creating this being was abominable. He gathered parts of the human body from the deceased without any kind of permission. In doing so he creates his creature.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of pearly whiteness; but these luxuriance’s only formed a more horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed almost of the same colour as the dun-white sockets in which they were set, his shrivelled complexion and straight black lips.† Victor Frankenstein He believes so blindly in what he is doing will benefit human kind that when he comes to take a step back and look at what he’s done he is disgusted at himself. He uses a contrast of beauty against ugliness to describe him. He expects the monster to know everything when he wakes up cool, calm, and collected. But when the monster is awakened, he does not know anything. He sees a world different from what he is used to, which makes him nervous and scared, but it is not his fault. The monster has not removed himself from his environment; Victor has removed him from dead. And the coward that Victor is he leaves it for dead and runs away in self-pity. Instead of facing the consequences, he left out of unjustifiable hate for his creation. He could not destroy the monster because he had actually made the monster better than the human race itself. Instead he was sure that lack of experience in the world would get rid of the monster for him. Here is when I believe Frankenstein moved one step closer to becoming a monster. In my view there are two types of a monster. One of which is the stereotyped: A hideous creature, being around it is terrifying, it is a monster that cannot do anything about what it is or looks like, yet is not necessarily evil or cruel. The second type of monster is hardly recognisable as what he is to people around him, it, or whatever you might call it. He would appear like an ordinary person like you and me, but it is inside where the monstrosity comes in. This monster’s soul is corrupted by evil and is therefore ruthless and despicable. And it is both of these types of monster that can be seen in Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein; needless to say which one is which.

LAW Surname Meaning and Origin

LAW Surname Meaning and Origin The Law surname has several possible meanings: A diminutive of the given name Laurence, from the Roman cognomen Laurentius, meaning of Laurentum, a city in ancient Italy.A surname for someone who lived near a hill,  derived from the Old English hlaw or hyll,  meaning small hill or burial mound; which became low in the south, but law in the north. Alternate Surname Spellings:  LAWE, LAWS, LAWES Surname Origin: English Where in the World Do People With the LAW  Surname Live? According to surname distribution data from Forebears, the Law surname is most prevalent in China and most dense in Hong Kong, likely a derivation of the common surname Lu,  Loh, or Luo. Within England, the Low last name is most common in Northamptonshire, where it ranks as the 72nd most common last name. It is also fairly prevalent in Essex (196th), Cambridgeshire (231st), Yorkshire (243rd) and Lancashire (249th). WorldNames PublicProfiler  indicates that within the United Kingdom, Law is most commonly found in Scotland, especially the Scottish Borders, Midlothian, South Lanarkshire, Fife and Angus. It is also fairly common throughout eastern England. Famous People Bonar Law - Prime Minister of Great Britain, 1922–23Jude Law  - British actorEvander M. Law  - Confederate  general in the American Civil WarWilliam Law  - important figure in the early history Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Genealogy Resources Law DNA ProjectThis DNA project is open to all individuals with the Law surname and variations (including  Carlaw, Castellaw, Crinklaw, De Lauriston, Drentlaw, Emlaw, Fallaw, Lauriston, Lawand, Laware, Lawes. Lawhorne, Lawhead, Lawhon, Lawill, Lawin, Lawing, Lawley, Lawlis, Lawman, Lawnicki, Lawshe, Lawter, Lawver, MacLaw, MacLaws, McLaw, McLaws, Nicklaw, Saslaw, Shullaw, Whitelaw, Wordlaw)  interested in working collaboratively to combine genealogy research with DNA testing to sort out Law  family lines. How to Research English  AncestryLearn how to research your English family tree with this guide to genealogical records in England and Wales. Includes information on both online and offline records including birth, marriage, death, census, military and estate records. Law Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Law  family crest or coat of arms for the Law surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   LAW  Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Law surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Law genealogy query. FamilySearch - LAW  GenealogyExplore over 1.4  million  historical records which mention individuals with the Law surname, as well as online Law family trees on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. GeneaNet - Law  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Law  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. DistantCousin.com - LAW  Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Law. The Law  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Law  from the website of Genealogy Today.- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

ground rules

ground rules Free Online Research Papers What are ground rules? They are the minimum necessary conditions for getting learning work done in the class. They may include: * Arriving on time * Respecting health and safety regulations (You may well be in breach of your contract and legally liable for accidents if you do not cover these, including explaining the detail.) * Switching off mobile phones * Not interrupting fellow-students * Not moving to do something requested until given an explicit cue (rather than order), such as Go! * Respecting other peoples contributions * Only having one conversation at a time in the class. There is no definitive list for all classes, but it is a useful exercise to think through what you want on the list before you start the class: if you dont know what you want, how will the students know? Do Ground Rules work? No. They are necessary but not sufficient. * Ethically, it is not fair to castigate people for violating rules unless they know and understand them. Currently, the buzz-word is transparency. * Pragmatically, they are hostages to fortune. They state what students have to do to incur your wrath: if someone is determined to be disruptive and to get attention in that way, it is better if they know what to do (which may be very minor if you are very strict), rather than have to experiment to find out what will rattle your cage. * On the other hand, they can be experienced as patronising: Who is this guy who thinks we have to be told how to behave in a class? See the point about sharing below. So dont just lay down the law. You can use a spirit of honest enquiry to clarify them through questions: Is there anyone who expects that they may have difficulty getting here for the official start-time? Do any of you need to keep your mobiles on, for family or on-call reasons? OK, could you set them up for silent ring, please? What are the Ground Rules about Ground Rules? These are the meta-ground rules! * Never neglect them. You may have a class of stroppy and unmotivated adolescents, or a small group of keen senior citizens: they can all waste a lot of time trying to find out what these rules are if you dont help to clarify them. * I said, help to clarify them, not impose them. They only really Research Papers on ground rulesStandardized TestingThe Hockey GameArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Hip-Hop is ArtThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTrailblazing by Eric AndersonQuebec and CanadaMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New Employees19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraEffects of Television Violence on Children

Microeconomy principle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Microeconomy principle - Essay Example It is also referred to as personalized pricing because the consumer is willing to pay any price for the units sold. On the other hand, third degree price discrimination refers to the charging of different prices for the same good but in different market segments. The price that is set for a product depends directly on the readiness of the customer to pay for the good. The prices of the products do not depend on the cost of production. As a result, third degree price discrimination, compared to first, depends on the elasticity of demand. First degree price discrimination is also referred to as perfect discrimination (Chakravarty 2009). This is because the seller has capacity to take out all consumer surplus from the consumers. The producer is able to convert customer surplus into producer surplus because of the unique features of his goods that allow him some discretion over price of the product. In competitive markets, just by selling goods at different prices to customers can give t he producer discretion over price and increase his profits. First degree price discrimination constitutes a type of different degree of price discrimination which includes second and third degrees. It is the price that all sellers aim for but is rarely achieved in the real world. On the contrary, third degree price discrimination is the most common form of price discrimination practiced. In order to achieve first degree price discrimination, the seller needs to have an idea of the highest demand price that buyers are ready to pay for every output bought. It is the difficulty with which this information is made available which makes it rare for sellers to achieve perfect price discrimination. In order to accomplish first degree price discrimination the seller must be able to meet three prerequisites. These include: 1. Having the capacity to influence price and to have market control. 2. Being able to recognize and estimate the market prices which customers are ready to pay. 3. Preven ting the buyer from selling the product back. On the other hand, third degree price discrimination is characteristic of market segmentation based on two parameters, i.e. by time and by geography. For instance, organizations who are selling their good abroad in a market where demand is inelastic may place a high price on them as compared to the prices charged when they are sold in the host country. This is because the consumer surplus to be extracted is more since the demand is not affected by changes in price. Another element associated with first degree price discrimination is the efficiency that the monopoly is able to accomplish. The organization is able to achieve maximum profits because it is able to balance marginal revenue and marginal cost. The following graph shows how the customers are willing to pay the amount the seller asks for. The customer is willing to pay the highest price for the first unit. As a second unit is bought, the customer pays less since the maximum price for the second unit is set less than that of the first one. Moving down the demand curve, the customer is willing to pay the maximum price as dictated by the demand of that unit. The subsequent units bought after the first one have a lower maximum price than the first one. The monopoly does not sell subsequent units at the same price as the first one. The monopolist is able to extract greater total revenue than if a uniform price was charged for all the goods

Sociology - What is the difference betweex sex and gender How is this Essay

Sociology - What is the difference betweex sex and gender How is this distinction made - Essay Example Sex was â€Å"nature† and gender was â€Å"nurture†. In the language of Sociology, gender roles replaced sex roles, as gender represented more accurately than sex the social construction of identities and roles dividing societies into women and men. Sex and gender were interdependent, but clearly distinguished. Gender was social, thus variable and subject to change, while sex represented the essential and unchanging physical differences in human reproduction. An implicit causal link existed between sex and gender (Acker, 1992; Wilson, 1989). Feminist sociologists (e.g. Rossi, 1984) who took a biosocial view of gender, saw gender behaviour at least in part, as physiologically determined. They posited a clear distinction and a causal link between sex and gender. However, Acker (1992) states that variations in actions and feelings among both men and women, as well as similarities between women and men seemed too great, to permit the tracing of behaviour to biological differences. On the other hand, according to Butler (2005: 48), â€Å"because gender is fundamentally a way in which we make sense of ourselves as embodied creatures, no investigation of gender can allow itself to be carried too far off from the body. Gender reminds us that our bodies are not merely tools that we use to various ends. Our bodies are ourselves; their gender has a meaning and a value that is not merely instrumental†. In current usage gender is theorized as a basic principle of social structure and cultural interpretation (Scott, 1986; Acker, 1988). According to Unger (1979), gender refers to the traits and behaviors considered characteristic of and appropriate to members of each sexual category. These may be physiological, biosocial or environmental. In explaining gender as a constitutive element of social relationships, Scott (1986) emphasizes that â€Å"gender operates in multiple fields, including culturally